ISO 9000 is an international quality system standard. It defines the general methods to be used in the construction of such a quality system in order to ensure full satisfaction of the client's needs. The standard applies specifically to the quality system, and not to the final product or service. The implementation of the quality system should be determined by the objectives, products, processes and individual characteristics of the particular organization. A distinctive feature of the standard is that the quality system built on its basis is not a frozen mechanism.

The standard itself contains requirements for continuous improvement in accordance with the anticipated needs of the client. While the desire to implement a quality system usually comes from the top management of the company, implementation ultimately depends on the involvement of each employee. Therefore, the successful application of ISO 9000 also means the actual agreement of the entire team to work according to certain and understandable laws. The ISO 9000 series is a quality assurance package prepared by members of an international delegation known as "ISO / Technical Committee 176" (ISO / TC 176).

At present, the ISO 9000 family (series) includes: all international standards with numbers ISO 9000 - 9004, including all parts of the ISO 9000 standard and the ISO 9004 standard; all international standards with numbers ISO 10001 - 10020, including all their parts; ISO 8402. Three of the ISO 9000 series (ISO 9001, ISO 9002 and ISO 9003) are the foundational Quality System documents describing quality assurance models and representing three different forms of functional or organizational relationship in a contractual situation.

The ISO 9000 and ISO 9004 standards are nothing more than reference books.

The emergency mode of an overhead line up to 1 kV is the state of an overhead line with broken wires.

The emergency mode of the overhead line above 1 kV is the state of the overhead line when one or more wires or cables are cut off.

A protection device is a device that automatically disconnects the protected electrical circuit in case of abnormal conditions.

Big transition

Large crossings are the intersections of navigable rivers, navigable straits or canals on which supports with a height of 50 m or more are installed, as well as the intersection of any water spaces with an intersection span of more than 700 m, regardless of the height of the overhead line supports.

Cable armor

Elements of the cable structure to protect its core from mechanical stress and from damage by rodents. As armor, metal braiding of various densities, corrugated steel tape and round steel wire of various diameters are used. In optical cables, armor covers made of polymer materials are often used. If it is necessary to obtain an increased level of protection, multilayer armor is used.

Buffer

A protective shell that protects the optical fiber from mechanical stress and moisture.

Input

An input from an overhead power line is an electrical wiring that connects a branch from an overhead line with internal electrical wiring, counting from insulators installed on the outer surface (wall, roof) of a building or structure to the terminals of the input device.

Weight span (weight)

The weight span (weight) is the length of the overhead line section, the weight of the wires or cables of which is perceived by the support.

Vertical organizer

Organizer for stacking vertical sections of patch cords and cables.

Wind span (wind)

The wind span is the length of the overhead line section, the wind pressure on the wires or cables from which is perceived by the support.

Explosion chamber

An explosion chamber is a closed chamber designed to localize possible emergency consequences in the event of damage to the devices installed in it and having an exit to the outside or to the explosion corridor.

Blast corridor

The blast corridor is the corridor into which the blast chamber doors open.

Connector plug

The part of the connector that fits into the outlet. In most designs, the cable part of the connector is made in the form of a plug.

Twisted pair

Cable element consisting of two insulated conductors twisted together at regular intervals to form a symmetrical transmission line.

Wet room

Wet rooms are rooms in which vapors or condensing moisture are released only for a short time in small quantities, and the relative humidity of the air is more than 60%, but does not exceed 75%.

Outer protective shell

An outer layer of insulating material that protects the cable core from external damage.

External trunk

Cable communication line between two buildings. Built on an external cable. Connects a junction of external highways with a junction of another building.

In-shop substation

An in-shop substation is a substation located inside an industrial building (open or in a separate closed room).

Internal trunk

Cable communication line inside the building. Built on internal cable. Connects the crossroads of the building with the cross floors.

Overhead power line over 1kV

An overhead power line above 1 kV is a device for transmitting electricity through wires located in the open air and attached with insulators and fittings to supports or brackets and racks on engineering structures (bridges, overpasses, etc.). For the beginning and end of the overhead line, linear portals or linear inputs of switchgear are taken, and for branches - a branch support and a linear portal or linear input of a switchgear.

Overhead power line up to 1kV

An overhead power line up to 1 kV is a device for transmitting and distributing electricity through wires located in the open air and attached with insulators and fittings to supports or brackets, racks on buildings and engineering structures (bridges, overpasses, etc.).

Fiber optic cable

A cable containing one or more optical fibers. Depending on the design, fiber-optic cables of SCS are divided into internal and external cables, as well as cables for cords.

Indoor Fiber Optic Cable

A type of fiber optic cable. Contains light guides in a buffer coating of 0.9 mm, which, together with Kevlar reinforcing threads, are placed in a common protective sheath. It is characterized by increased flexibility, however, it has no moisture protection elements and is intended for use mainly indoors.

Fiber light guide

Transparent dielectric waveguide for transmission of optical radiation. Uses the phenomenon of total internal reflection for work.

It consists of a cylindrical core surrounded by one or more reflective shells with a lower refractive index of the material.

Built-in substation

A built-in substation (built-in switchgear) is a closed substation (closed switchgear) inscribed (inscribed) into the circuit of the main building.

Secondary buffer coating

A type of secondary protective coating for optical fibers used in indoor cables. It has an outer diameter of 0.9 mm (tight buffer) and is laid without a gap on the primary protective coating with a diameter of 0.25 mm. Allows for direct mounting of optical connectors without using adapters

Dimensional boom of wire sag

The overall sag of the wire is the largest sag in the overall span.

Overall span (g)

The overall span (g) is a span, the length of which is determined by the normalized vertical dimension from wires to the ground when the supports are installed on a perfectly flat surface

Component warranty

The SCS manufacturer guarantees the absence of manufacturing defects of all components of the cable system and their operability for a certain period of time from the date of purchase.

Application guarantee

The manufacturer's guaranteed ability of a properly mounted and installed SCS to support the operation of certain applications from a predetermined list or specially developed for work on SCS of a certain category.

Harmonic

An adapter that branches a 25-pair cable into multiple groups of two, three, or four pairs of conductors. To connect a multi-pair cable, a Telco connector or six four-pair 110-type blocks is used, the adapter's output interface is implemented on the sockets of modular connectors.

Hydrophobic gel

A jelly-like mass that fills the inner voids of the outer cable core and ensures longitudinal tightness of the cable and protection of individual light guides from air and moisture.

Main trolls

The main trolls are called trolls located outside the crane.

Deaf earthed neutral

A dead-earthed neutral is the neutral of a transformer or generator connected to a grounding device directly or through a low resistance (for example, through current transformers).

Horizontal subsystem

SCS subsystem, providing connection of the cross floor and workplaces. Includes: horizontal cables, information outlets of workplaces, switching equipment in the cross-floor, horizontal cables connecting them, as well as patch cords and / or jumpers.

Horizontal cable

Horizontal subsystem cable from the storey crossover to the information outlet of the workplace.

Horizontal organizer

Organizer for organizing horizontal sections of cables and patch cords. It is often an integral part of the patch panel design.

Double insulation

Double insulation of an electrical receiver is a combination of working and protective (additional) insulation, in which parts of the electrical receiver accessible to touch do not acquire dangerous voltage if only the working or only protective (additional) insulation is damaged.

Double floor

A double floor is a cavity bounded by the walls of the room, the intermediate floor and the floor of the room with removable slabs (over the whole or part of the area).

Double layer screen

Cable core shield consisting of an overall film shield complemented by a braided shield. The braid has a much higher mechanical strength and, when embedded in the connector, provides full, reliable circular contact with its shielding. The screen film protects the twisted cable pairs well from high-frequency interference, and braided screens from low-frequency interference, that is, the double-layer screen provides reliable screening in the entire frequency range.

Unit capacitor

A single capacitor is a constructive connection of one or more capacitor elements in a common housing with external terminals. The term "capacitor" is used when there is no need to emphasize the different meanings of the terms "unit capacitor" and "capacitor bank".

Natural ground electrode

Natural grounding conductors are electrically conductive parts of communications, buildings and structures for industrial or other purposes that are in contact with the ground, used for grounding purposes.

Hot room

Hot rooms are rooms in which, under the influence of various thermal radiation, the temperature constantly or periodically (more than 1 day) exceeds + 35 ° C (for example, rooms with dryers, drying and kilns, boiler rooms, etc.).

Earthing

Grounding any part of an electrical installation or other installation is the intentional electrical connection of that part to a grounding device.

Earthing switch

A grounding conductor is called a conductor (electrode) or a set of metal-connected conductors (electrodes) in contact with the ground.

Grounding device

A grounding device is a combination of a ground electrode and grounding conductors.

Grounding conductor

A grounding conductor is a conductor that connects parts to be grounded to a grounding conductor.

Closed or indoor electrical installation

Closed or indoor electrical installations are electrical installations located inside a building that protects them from atmospheric influences.

Closed chamber

A closed chamber is a chamber that is closed on all sides and has solid (not mesh) doors.

Closed switchgear

A closed switchgear (ZRU) is called a switchgear, the equipment of which is located in the building.

Earth fault

An earth fault is the accidental connection of live parts of an electrical installation to structural parts that are not isolated from earth, or directly to earth.

Closure to the case

A short circuit to the case is the accidental connection of energized parts of an electrical installation with their structural parts that are normally not energized.

Zeroing

Zeroing in electrical installations with a voltage of up to 1 kV is the deliberate connection of parts of an electrical installation that are normally not energized, with a dead-grounded neutral of a generator or a transformer in three-phase current networks, with a dead-grounded output of a single-phase current source, with a dead-grounded center point of the source in DC networks.

Protective earth

Protective grounding is the grounding of parts of an electrical installation in order to ensure electrical safety.

Safety shutdown

A protective shutdown in electrical installations up to 1 kV is called the automatic disconnection of all phases (poles) of a network section. providing safe combinations of current and time of its passage for a person in case of short circuits to the case or a decrease in the insulation level below a certain value.

Security

The difference between the levels of the useful signal and interference. In electrical systems, it must be indicated for a specific frequency.

Zero potential zone

The zone of zero potential is the zone of the earth outside the spreading zone.

Spreading zone

The spreading zone is the area of ​​the earth, within which a noticeable potential gradient occurs when the current flows from the ground electrode.

Redundancy of SCS

Deliberate introduction at the design stage of additional information outlets into the structure of the SCS, the number and placement of which are determined by the area and topology of the working premises, and not by specific plans for the placement of employees and the location of office furniture. This allows, during operation, to organize new workplaces without any problems, as well as to carry out the movement of employees and equipment.

Isolated neutral

An isolated neutral is the neutral of a transformer or generator that is not connected to the grounding device or connected to it through signaling, measuring, protection devices, grounding arc suppression reactors and similar devices that have high resistance.

Hierarchical "star"

A kind of star topology, characterized by the fact that at least some of the "branches" leaving the main center branch themselves at their second end.

Information socket

The socket that the horizontal subsystem ends with. Designed to connect the equipment of the workplace subsystem.

Artificial ground electrode

An artificial ground electrode is a ground electrode specially made for grounding purposes.

Cable

A device for transmitting information over long distances. Contains one or more insulated electrical conductors or light guides enclosed in a common (usually sealed) protective sheath. Depending on the design, a distinction is made between coaxial, triaxial, balanced and optical cables.

Outdoor cable

Cable used to build a subsystem of external SCS trunk lines. Its design features are high mechanical strength to tensile and compressive forces, the presence of special structural elements of protection against rodents, as well as moisture resistance and an extended operating temperature range.

Indoor cable

The cable used to build the horizontal subsystem and the subsystem of the SCS internal highways. It differs in the use of lightweight reinforcing coatings, does not have elements of protection against moisture and rodents, which provides it with increased flexibility and better weight and dimensions. Increased fire safety requirements are imposed on cables of this group.

Cable for cords

Designed for making patch and terminal cords from it. The electric cable for cords is distinguished by the fact that its conductors are made of seven thin intertwined copper wires with a diameter of about 0.2 mm each. Therefore, they have a higher attenuation than a horizontal cable. Fiber-optic cables for cords, despite their increased flexibility, have transfer parameters
identical to trunk cables.

Cable gallery

A cable gallery is an above-ground or above-ground closed completely or partially (for example, without side walls) horizontal or inclined extended cable passageway.

Cable camera

A cable chamber is an underground cable structure closed with a blank removable concrete slab, designed for laying cable glands or for pulling cables into blocks. A chamber that has a hatch to enter it is called a cable well.

Cable line

A cable line is a line for transmitting electricity or its individual pulses, consisting of one or more parallel cables with connecting, stopping and end couplings (terminations) and fasteners, and for oil-filled lines, in addition, with floating devices and an oil pressure alarm system.

Cable oil-filled line

A low or high pressure oil-filled cable line is a line in which the long-term permissible overpressure is: 0.0245-0.294 MPa (0.25-3.0 kgf / sq.cm) for low-pressure cables in a lead sheath; 0.0245-0.49 MPa (0.25-5.0 kgf / cm2) for low-pressure cables in an aluminum sheath; 1.08-1.57 MPa (11-16 kgf / cm2) for high pressure cables.

Cable shaft

A cable shaft is a vertical cable structure (usually of rectangular cross-section), whose height is several times greater than the side of the cross-section, equipped with brackets or a ladder for people to move along it (pass-through shafts) or a fully or partially removable wall (non-passable shafts).

Cable trestle

A cable rack is an overhead or ground open horizontal or inclined extended cable structure. The cable rack can be passable or non-passable.

Cable structure

A cable structure is a structure specially designed to accommodate cables, cable sleeves, as well as oil-feeding devices and other equipment designed to ensure the normal operation of oil-filled cable lines. Cable structures include: cable tunnels, channels, ducts, blocks, shafts, floors, double floors, cable racks, galleries, cameras, feeding points.

Cable block

A cable block is a cable structure with pipes (channels) for laying cables in them with associated wells.

Cable duct

A cable channel is called a closed and buried (partially or completely) into the ground, floor, ceiling, etc., an impenetrable structure intended for placing cables in it, the laying, inspection and repair of which can only be performed with the floor removed.

Cable core

A set of cable elements that provide signal transmission. The core structure may also include supporting and reinforcing elements, moisture protection elements, etc.

Cable tunnel

A cable tunnel is a closed structure (corridor) with supporting structures located in it for placing cables and cable sleeves on them, with free passage along the entire length, allowing for cable laying, repairs and inspections of cable lines.

Cable floor

A cable floor is a part of a building bounded by a floor and a ceiling or covering, with a distance between the floor and protruding parts of the floor or covering of at least 1.8 m.

Camera

A chamber is a room for installing devices and tires.

Channel

The complete path through the cabling system from connector to connector between network equipment. Includes end cords.

Category

Classification of the throughput of individual elements, channels and communication lines based on twisted pair cables. The category number is associated with the maximum frequency to which the electrical characteristics are normalized: category 3 - up to 16 MHz, category 4 - up to 20 MHz, category 5 - up to 100 MHz, and category 6 - up to 250 MHz. First introduced in 1991 in TIA / EIA technical bulletin TSB-36.

Qualified service personnel

Qualified service personnel are specially trained persons who have passed the knowledge test in the amount required for this job (position), and have a safety qualification group provided for by the Safety Rules for the Operation of Electrical Installations.

Voltage class

The voltage class of the individual elements of the converter unit, in accordance with which the permissible minimum distances between the energized parts, from these parts to the ground, fences, as well as the width of the passageways, the need for door interlocking devices are determined:

1) for transformers, autotransformers, reactors - by the highest effective voltage value between each two terminals, as well as between each terminal and the grounded parts of these devices;

2) for a semiconductor converter - according to the highest effective value of the voltage between each two terminals on the AC side. The voltage class of a complete device consisting of a converter, a transformer, reactors, etc. and mounted in a common housing is determined by the highest voltage values ​​specified in paragraphs. 1 and 2.

Application class

Classification introduced by the ISO / IEC 11801 standard. Depending on the data exchange rates over twisted pairs, applications are divided into the following classes: A (up to 100 kHz), B (up to 1 MHz), C (up to 16 MHz), D (up to 100 MHz ) and E (up to 250 MHz). The optical class is distinguished separately. Class A is considered to be the lowest class and E is considered to be the highest class.

Patch panel

Switching shelf

A kind of optical switching equipment. Designed for installation in 19 "mounting structures using mounting brackets. It has a flat structure with a height of no more than 3 U. With a large number of fibers to be cut in it, it can be combined with shelves for storing welded splices and mechanical splice housings.

Switching equipment

Passive equipment located in junction boxes and designed for manual connection with patch cords or jumpers of various SCS segments with each other and with network equipment.

Switching unit

The basic structural element of the patch panel, which includes means for fastening and stripping conductors on the contacts of detachable connectors as part of the patch panel.

Commutation

Switching connections between SCS subsystems during its operation.

Complex switchgear

A complete switchgear is called a switchgear, consisting of fully or partially closed cabinets or blocks with built-in devices, protection and automation devices, supplied assembled or fully prepared for assembly.

Complete transformer (conversion) substation

A complete transformer (converter) substation is called a substation consisting of transformers (converters) and blocks (switchgear or switchgear and other elements) supplied assembled or fully prepared for assembly. Complete transformer (converter) substations (KTP, KPP) or their parts installed in an enclosed space refer to indoor installations, installed in the open air - to outdoor installations.

SCS component

Any functionally complete element of the cable system that provides the signal transmission process. The main components of the SCS include cables, data sockets, switching equipment, patch cords and jumpers.

Capacitor battery

A capacitor bank is a group of unit capacitors that are electrically connected to each other.

Condensing unit

A capacitor installation is an electrical installation consisting of capacitors, auxiliary electrical equipment related to them (switches, disconnectors, discharge resistors, control devices, protection, etc.) and busbars. A capacitor bank can consist of one or more capacitor banks or one or more separately installed unit capacitors connected to the network through switching devices.

Capacitor element

A capacitor element (section) is an indivisible part of a capacitor, consisting of conductive plates (electrodes) separated by a dielectric.

Contact 110

A type of IDC contact that uses cutting edges perpendicular to the axis of the conductor and does not allow more than one conductor to be connected to one contact.

Contact 66

A type of IDC contact that uses cutting edges perpendicular to the axis of the conductor and allows more than one conductor to be connected to one contact.

Service corridor

A service corridor is a corridor along the chambers or cabinets of the switchgear designed for servicing devices and buses.

Box

A box is a closed hollow structure of rectangular or other cross-section, designed for laying wires and cables in it. The box should serve as protection against mechanical damage to the wires and cables laid in it.

Earth fault factor

The ratio of the earth fault in a three-phase electrical network is the ratio of the potential difference between the intact phase and earth at the point of earth fault of another or two other phases to the potential difference between the phase and earth at this point before the fault.

Profile mount

Fastening the mounting frame for installing an information or power outlet on the box.

Fastening along the profile

Fastening a mounting frame for installing an information or power outlet next to the box.

Crossing wire

See Jumper Wire.

Cross

Service room, which houses the SCS switching equipment, network devices and other auxiliary elements.

Cross tower

The structure of vertically located switching blocks of type 110 with separating organizers, fixed on a single metal base (pallet). Typical capacity 300 pairs.

Cross-country external highways

Crossover, into which external trunk cables of the SCS are inserted, connecting it with crossover buildings. Can be combined with a cross building.

Cross-country buildings

Cross-country, into which the internal trunk cables of the SCS are inserted, connecting it to the cross floors. It can be combined with the crossover floor, on which it is located, and with the crossover of external highways, if they are located in the same building.

Cross panel

A type of patching equipment designed to use patch cords with plugs other than modular.

Cross-country floors

Crossover, into which horizontal cables of workplaces located on the same floor are fed. Can be combined with a cross building if they are on the same floor.

KRU Complete switchgear

Complete switchgear designed for indoor installation is abbreviated as KRU

KRUN Complete switchgear

A complete switchgear designed for outdoor installation is abbreviated as KRUN.

Line

Full path through the cable system between two connectors of the crossover equipment. Termination cords are not part of the line.

Tray

A tray is an open structure designed for laying wires and cables on it.

Grounding or grounding line

The grounding or grounding line is called, respectively, a grounding or neutral protective conductor with two or more branches.

Trunk busbar

Trunk bus ducts, designed mainly for connecting distribution bus ducts and power distribution points, switchboards and separate powerful electrical receivers to them

Low voltage

Low voltage is a nominal voltage of not more than 42 V between phases and with respect to earth, used in electrical installations to ensure electrical safety.

Oil-filled apparatus

Oil-filled apparatuses are apparatuses in which individual elements and all normally sparking parts or parts between which an arc is formed are immersed in oil so that the possibility of contact between these parts and the surrounding air is excluded.

Installation mode of overhead lines above 1 kV

The installation mode of overhead lines above 1 kV is called the state in the conditions of installation of supports, wires and cables.

Multimode fiber

An optical fiber whose core diameter is much larger than the wavelength of the optical carrier. The standard value of this parameter for SCS optical cables is 50 and 62.6 microns. There are about 1,500 guided modes in such a fiber.

Multi-pair cable

A cable containing more than four twisted pairs. It is usually used in SCS backbone subsystems.

Multi-user socket

Multi-outlet socket enclosure designed to serve a group of users in an open office.

Module

A type of secondary protective coating for light guides used in external backbone cables. It is a plastic tube of varying rigidity with a diameter of about 2-3 mm, in which one or more optical fibers are freely laid.

Modular connector

The most popular SCS electrical connector. Consists of two parts: plug and socket. The connectors are categorized as 3, 4 or 5 and can be either unshielded or shielded. In SCS, only eight-pin modular connectors are allowed. A six-pin plug can only be used in the networking subsystem, provided it is compatible with an eight-pin receptacle.

Junction box

Mounting element for electrical, optical or power outlet, as well as other elements in the cable duct. It is a plastic case, open from the front side, with elements for installation into the inner cavity of the box, cutouts for cable entry and holes for fixing screws of socket front panels.

Mounting frame

Plastic base with elements for installation on a box or on a flat surface and with a cutout for a socket module, which is fixed in the frame with latches or screws and is closed with a decorative face plate.

Mounting cabinet

A closed construct, the basis of which is a body with doors and mounting rails. It can be made in wall or floor versions. Provides protection of installed equipment from unauthorized access and, in some design options, effective shielding.

Installation cord

A piece of electrical cable or pig tail with a male connector at one end.

Voltage at grounding device

The voltage on the grounding device is the voltage that occurs when the current flows from the ground electrode into the ground between the point of current input to the grounding device and the zero potential zone.

Voltage relative to ground at ground fault

The voltage with respect to earth during a short circuit to a frame is the voltage between this frame and the zero potential zone.

Touch voltage

Touch voltage is the voltage between two points of the earth fault circuit (to the case) when a person touches them at the same time.

Step voltage

Step voltage is the voltage between two points of the ground, caused by the spreading of the fault current to the ground, while simultaneously touching them with the feet of a person.

Outdoor wiring

External electrical wiring is called electrical wiring laid along the outer walls of buildings and structures, under awnings, etc., as well as between buildings on supports (no more than four spans up to 25 m each) outside streets, roads, etc.

Independent power supply for the electrical receiver

An independent power source for an electrical receiver or a group of electrical receivers is a power source that maintains the voltage within the limits regulated by these Rules for the post-emergency mode, when it disappears from another or other power sources of these electrical receivers. Independent power sources include two sections or busbar systems of one or two power plants and substations, provided that the following two conditions are met simultaneously:

1) each of the busbar sections or systems, in turn, is powered from an independent power source;

2) sections (systems) of buses are not interconnected or have a connection that is automatically disconnected in case of malfunction of one of the sections (systems) of buses.

One-piece connection

Splicing or connection without connectors, allowing a signal to pass between two electrical conductors (soldering, twisting, IDC contact) or optical fibers (fusion, mechanical splicing).

Nominal parameter value

The nominal value of the parameter (nominal parameter) is the parameter value specified by the manufacturer of the electrical device, which is the starting point for counting deviations from this value during operation and testing of the device.

Normal mode of overhead lines up to 1kV

The normal mode of an overhead line up to 1 kV is the state of an overhead line with unbroken wires.

Normal mode of overhead lines over 1 kV

The normal mode of an overhead line above 1 kV is the state of an overhead line with unbroken wires and cables.

Zero protective conductor

A zero protective conductor in electrical installations with voltage up to 1 kV is a conductor that connects the neutralized parts with a dead-grounded neutral of a generator or transformer in three-phase current networks, with a dead-grounded output of a single-phase current source, with a dead-grounded center point of the source in DC networks.

Zero working conductor

A zero working conductor in electrical installations up to 1 kV is a conductor used to power electrical receivers, connected to a dead-grounded neutral of a generator or transformer in three-phase current networks, with a dead-grounded output of a single-phase current source, with a dead-grounded center point of the source in three-wire DC networks. In electrical installations up to 1 kV with a solidly grounded neutral, the neutral working conductor can perform the functions of a neutral protective conductor.

Zero working conductor

A zero working conductor in electrical installations up to 1 kV is a conductor used to power electrical receivers, connected to a dead-grounded neutral of a generator or transformer in three-phase current networks, with a dead-grounded output of a single-phase current source, with a dead-grounded center point of the source in three-wire DC networks.

Crimping tool

A hand tool used to crimp electrical connector plugs onto a cable.

Light guide cladding

A fiber core coating made of glass with a lower refractive index. Provides optical isolation of the core and its mechanical protection.

backward compatibility

Principle of design of passive components of SCS cabling. Assumes full mechanical and logical identity of functionally identical elements of different categories. Due to this, elements of a higher category can be used without any restrictions in the SCS of a lower category.

Fenced chamber

A fenced chamber is a chamber that has openings protected in whole or in part by non-continuous (mesh or mixed) fences. Mixed fences are mesh and solid sheet fences.

Single mode fiber

A fiber with a core diameter (7-10 µm) comparable to the wavelength of the optical carrier. In such a fiber, there is only one guided mode. It significantly outperforms multimode fibers in terms of broadband and loss, but working with it requires more complex and expensive technological equipment.

Single point administration

Administration of such a cable system, which has a direct connection of all information outlets of workplaces with a single crossover. Changing the configuration of the SCS is done by re-commutation only in this crossover.

Organizer

A device for laying excess lengths of cables, assembly and patch cords, as well as individual optical fiber light guides, protective sleeves for welded joints and mechanical splice housings. Provides fixation of the listed elements in the working position, compliance with the specified bending radii and values ​​of compressive and tensile mechanical effects.

Permanent Connector Organizer

A constructive element of optical switching equipment for fastening tubes of protective sleeves of welded joints of fibers or bodies of mechanical splices.

Optical fiber organizer

A structural element of optical switching equipment for storing a technological reserve of fiber length in compliance with the minimum allowable bending radius. Structurally, it can be made in the form of a drum with side petals, a pallet with upward-curved edges, or separate split rings.

Particularly dangerous premises

Particularly dangerous premises, characterized by the presence of one of the following conditions that create a particular danger:
   a) special dampness;
   6) chemically active or organic environment;
   c) simultaneously two or more conditions of increased danger.

Particularly damp room

Particularly damp rooms are rooms in which the relative humidity of the air is close to 100% (the ceiling, walls, floor and objects in the room are covered with moisture).

Branch from the overhead line

A branch from the overhead line to 1 kV to the input is the section of wires from the overhead line support to the input.

Open rack

Open 19-inch mounting hardware with base and one or two vertical rows of mounting rails. Provides compact and easy-to-maintain placement of various types of equipment in crossover, control rooms and other office premises with limited access by unauthorized persons.

Outdoor or outdoor electrical installation

Open or outdoor electrical installations are electrical installations that are not protected by a building from the weather. Electrical installations protected only by canopies, mesh fences, etc. are considered outdoor.

Open wiring

Open wiring - laid along the surface of walls, ceilings, along farms and other building elements of buildings and structures, along supports, etc.

Open switchgear (OSG)

An open switchgear (OSG) is called a switchgear, all or the main equipment of which is located in the open air.

Pair

Two twisted conductors or two diametrically opposed conductors in a quadruple used to transmit electrical signals.

Feeding unit

A make-up unit is an automatically operating device consisting of tanks, pumps, pipes, bypass valves, valves, an automation panel and other equipment designed to provide oil to a high-pressure cable line.

Feeding point

A recharge station is an above-ground, above-ground or underground structure with recharge devices and equipment (supply tanks, pressure tanks, recharge units, etc.).

External trunk subsystem

SCS subsystem between buildings. Connects the crossroad of external highways with crossings of buildings.

Internal trunk subsystem

SCS subsystem, which provides communication between the crossroads of the building and the cross floors.

Substation

A substation is an electrical installation that converts and distributes electricity and consists of transformers or other energy converters, switchgear, control devices and auxiliary structures. Depending on the predominance of one or another function of substations, they are called transformer or converter.

Band

A strip as a supporting element of electrical wiring is a metal strip fixed close to the surface of a wall, ceiling, etc., intended for attaching wires, cables or their bundles to it.

semiconductor converter

A semiconductor converter is a set of semiconductor valves (uncontrolled or controlled), mounted on frames or in cabinets, with an air or water cooling system, as well as instruments and equipment necessary for starting and operating the converter.

Premises without increased danger

Premises without increased danger, in which there are no conditions that create an increased or special danger

room with increased danger

Premises with increased danger, characterized by the presence in them of one or the following conditions that create an increased danger:
   a) dampness or conductive dust;
   b) conductive floors (metal, earth, reinforced concrete, brick, etc.);
   c) high temperature;
   d) the possibility of simultaneous contact of a person to the metal structures of buildings, technological devices, mechanisms, etc., which have a connection to the ground, on the one hand, and to the metal cases of electrical equipment, on the other.

Room with a chemically active or organic environment

Rooms with a chemically active or organic environment are rooms in which corrosive vapors, gases, liquids are constantly or for a long time, deposits or mold are formed that destroy insulation and live parts of electrical equipment.

series with parallel-series connection of capacitors in the battery phase

A series series with a parallel-series connection of capacitors in a battery phase is a part of a battery consisting of capacitors connected in parallel.

N otrebitel electric energy

The consumer of electrical energy is called an electrical receiver or a group of electrical receivers, united by a technological process and located in a certain area.

Converter unit

A converter unit is a set of equipment consisting of one or more semiconductor converters, a transformer, as well as instruments and equipment necessary for starting and operating the unit.

Attached substation

An attached substation (attached switchgear) is a substation (switchgear) directly adjacent (adjacent) to the main building.

Jumper wire

Consists of one or more unshielded twisted pairs, usually category 3, without an outer protective sheath. Used on type 66 patch panels with IDC 66 contacts.

heavy conductor

A conductor with a voltage higher than 1 kV, which goes beyond the limits of one electrical installation, is called extended.

Dusty room

Dusty rooms are rooms in which, according to production conditions, process dust is emitted in such an amount that it can settle on wires, penetrate into machines, devices, etc. Dusty rooms are divided into rooms with conductive dust and rooms with non-conductive dust.

Working grounding

Working grounding is the grounding of any point of the current-carrying parts of an electrical installation, which is necessary to ensure the operation of an electrical installation.

Branching device

A branching device is a part of a high-pressure cable line between the end of a steel pipeline and single-phase end couplings.

Isolation transformer

An isolating transformer is a transformer designed to separate the network supplying the electrical receiver from the primary electrical network, as well as from the grounding or grounding network.

Switchgear

A switchgear is an electrical installation that serves to receive and distribute electricity and contains switching devices, busbars and connecting buses, auxiliary devices (compressor, battery, etc.), as well as protection devices, automation and measuring instruments.

Distribution busbars

Distribution busbars, designed mainly for connecting electrical consumers to them

Distribution point

A distribution point (RP) is called a switchgear designed to receive and distribute electricity at one voltage without conversion and transformation, which is not part of the substation.

Breaking thread

A strong thread that is placed under the outer sheath of the cable, which, when pulled, makes a longitudinal cut through it, allowing access to the elements of the cable core. It is mainly used in trunk cables for external laying.

Connector

An optical or electrical plug connector that allows multiple connections and disconnections of optical fibers or twisted pairs. Connectors differ in size, shape, principles of fixing the plug in the socket in the working position, the number of spliced ​​conductors or light guides. Provides several hundred on and off cycles without degrading performance.

FC connector

An optical connector primarily used in single-mode systems. The FC socket is available in two versions: SF type, with square flange and fastening with two screws, and RF type, with round flange and nut fastening.

SC connector

Optical connector, which is defined by the current editions of standards as the main type of connector for use in SCS. It can be made in single and double (duplex) versions.

ST connector

Optical connector fixing the plug in the socket with a spring-loaded bayonet element. In SCS standards, it is sometimes called a BFOC (byonet fiber optic connector) connector.

TELCO connector

Connector for electrical cables with two parallel rows of 25 pins, used for connecting a large number of pins when space is limited.

110 type connector

Connector for switching equipment. Consists of a plug and a ruler, which, after installing the 110C connecting block on it, acts as a socket. The contacts of the plug are metal plates perpendicular to the plane of the case, which are included in the gap between the contacts on the ruler. 110 connector plugs are available in 1, 2, 3 and 4 pairs.

Estimated electricity metering

Estimated metering of electricity is called the metering of generated electricity, as well as electricity supplied to consumers for cash settlement for it.

Settlement counters

Counters installed for billing are called billing counters.

Repair pen

The repair pen is the place where the crane is installed during the repair.

Main trolley repair area

The repair area of ​​the main trolleys is the area of ​​these trolleys within the repair enclosure.

Socket socket

The part of the connector with the socket into which the plug is inserted.

Socket module

Structural element consisting of an 8-pin modular connector socket and a termination. Terminator, the main purpose of which is to connect twisted pair conductors, is usually implemented as a set of IDC contacts.

Light guide

A thin, cylindrical silica glass fiber that transmits electromagnetic radiation in the visible or near infrared wavelength range.

Head trolley section

The section of the main trolleys is the section of these trolleys located outside the repair pens and separated by an isolated joint from each of the neighboring sections, including from the repair areas.

Section of cable oil-filled line

Low pressure oil-filled cable section refers to the section of the line between stop couplings or stop and end couplings.

Power supply system

A power supply system is a set of electrical installations designed to provide consumers with electrical energy.

Hidden wiring

Hidden electrical wiring - laid inside the structural elements of buildings and structures (in walls, floors, foundations, ceilings), as well as on ceilings in the preparation of the floor, directly under the removable floor, etc.

Connecting block

A structural element of a 110-type patch panel, providing electrical contact with cable conductors and access to them for switching.

Resistance of the grounding device

The resistance of the grounding device is the ratio of the voltage across the grounding device to the current flowing from the grounding device into the ground.

Splice plate

A constructive element of optical switching equipment. They are organizers of light guides and one-piece connectors, combined into one structure.

Pole (mast) transformer substation

A pole (mast) transformer substation is an open transformer substation, all equipment of which is installed on structures or on overhead line supports at a height that does not require the substation to be fenced.

Structuring SCS

The principle of building a cable system, which consists in dividing it into functional subsystems with standardized interfaces for communication with each other and with network equipment.

Structured cabling system (SCS)

A cable system designed and installed in accordance with the requirements of ISO / IEC 11801, TIA / EIA-568-A, etc. The main features of SCS are structuring, versatility and redundancy.

String

A string as a supporting element of electrical wiring is a steel wire stretched close to the surface of a wall, ceiling, etc., intended for attaching wires, cables or their bundles to it.

Dry room

Dry rooms are rooms in which the relative humidity does not exceed 60%. In the absence in such premises of the conditions given in 1.1.10-1.1.12, they are called normal.

Technical meters

The meters installed for technical accounting are called technical accounting meters.

Damp room

Damp rooms are rooms in which the relative humidity of the air exceeds 75% for a long time.

Territory for the location of outdoor electrical installations

Territories for the location of outdoor electrical installations. With regard to the danger of electric shock to people, these areas are equated to especially dangerous premises.

Technical metering of electricity control

Technical (control) metering of electricity is called metering to control the consumption of electricity inside power plants, substations, enterprises, in buildings, apartments, etc.

Earth fault current

The earth fault current is the current flowing to the ground through the fault location.

Conductor

A conductor is a device intended for the transmission and distribution of electricity, consisting of bare or insulated conductors and related insulators, protective sheaths, branch devices, supporting and supporting structures.

Crane trolleys

Crane trolleys are trolleys located on the crane.

Cable

A rope as a supporting element of electrical wiring is called a steel wire or steel rope, stretched in the air, designed to suspend wires, cables or their bundles to them.

Resistivity

The term "resistivity" used in the present PES for earth with a heterogeneous structure should be understood as "equivalent resistivity".

SCS versatility

The principle of building a cable system, which is that it is initially built not for any specific network application, but on the principles of an open architecture with a set of basic technical characteristics set and fixed in standards. The vast majority of today's network applications are designed to support these standards.

Centralized power supply

Centralized power supply is the power supply to consumers from the power system.

Busbar

Factory-made rigid busbar up to 1 kV, supplied in complete sections, is called busbar

Cord

A piece of cable with plugs of terminal connectors.

Equivalent earth resistivity

Equivalent resistivity of a ground with a heterogeneous structure is such a resistivity of a ground with a homogeneous structure, in which the resistance of the grounding device has the same value as in earth with a heterogeneous structure.

Screen

Electrically conductive protective sheath surrounding the electrically conductive medium. The use of a shield reduces electromagnetic interference on adjacent conductors and increases the resistance of cables to external electromagnetic fields. Screens are divided into film and braided.

Electrical network

An electrical network is a set of electrical installations for the transmission and distribution of electrical energy, consisting of substations, switchgears, conductors, overhead (OHL) and cable power lines operating in a certain area.

Electrical network with effectively earthed neutral

An electrical network with an effectively grounded neutral is a three-phase electrical network above 1 kV, in which the earth-fault factor does not exceed 1.4.

Electrical part of the power system

The electrical part of the power system is the set of electrical installations of power plants and electrical networks of the power system.

Electrical machine rooms

Electrical machine rooms (EMF) are rooms in which electrical generators, rotating or static converters, electric motors, transformers, switchgears, switchboards and control panels, as well as related auxiliary equipment and maintenance of which are carried out by personnel, can be installed together

Electrical room

Electrical rooms are rooms or parts of a room that are fenced off, for example, by nets, accessible only to qualified service personnel (see 1.1.16), in which electrical installations are located.

Electrical receiver

A receiver of electrical energy (electrical receiver) is an apparatus, unit, mechanism designed to convert electrical energy into another type of energy.

Electrical wiring

Electrical wiring is a collection of wires and cables with associated fasteners, supporting protective structures and parts installed in accordance with the requirements of the Electrical Installation Rules (Section 1, Chapter 1.1.)

Power supply

Electricity is the provision of electricity to consumers.

Electrical installation

Electrical installations is a set of machines, apparatus, lines and auxiliary equipment (together with the structures and rooms in which they are installed) intended for the production, transformation, transformation, transmission, distribution of electrical energy and its transformation into another type of energy. Electrical installations under the terms of electrical safety are divided by the Rules for electrical installations up to 1 kV and electrical installations above 1 kV (according to the effective voltage value).

Electric power system

An electrical power system is the electrical part of the power system and the receivers of electrical energy fed from it, united by the generality of the process of production, transmission, distribution and consumption of electrical energy

Power system

An energy system (power system) is a set of power plants, electrical and heat networks, interconnected and connected by a common mode in the continuous process of production, conversion and distribution of electrical energy and heat with the general management of this mode.